Module Details
Module Code: |
PHAR S7023 |
Full Title:
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Pharmaceutical Drug Design
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Valid From:: |
Semester 1 - 2018/19 ( September 2018 ) |
Language of Instruction: | |
Module Description: |
•To introduce the student to how the pharmaceutical industry designs medically active drug products, including both historical and current methods for pharmaceutical drug design. •To Introduce the student to a wide range of organic natural compounds especially ones, which have relevance in the pharmaceutical sector and to highlight to the student where these organic compounds can be found naturally. •To explain to the student some of the effects which these compounds have on biological metabolic systems.
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Module Learning Outcome |
On successful completion of this module the learner will be able to: |
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Module Learning Outcome Description |
MLO1 |
Recognise the process used for designing a new active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). |
MLO2 |
Discuss a range of naturally occuring products, their sources and uses or effects. |
MLO3 |
Compare the organic structures of selected pharmaceutical drugs and the impact structural change has on drug efficacy. |
MLO4 |
Practice a range of organic and analytical skills for multi-step synthesis of pharmaceutical and natural products. |
MLO5 |
Apply current analytical skills during laboratory practicals to analyse synthesised phamaceutical compounds. |
MLO6 |
Examine results from scientific practicals and discuss the importance in thesis type report. |
Pre-requisite learning |
Module Recommendations
This is prior learning (or a practical skill) that is strongly recommended before enrolment in this module. You may enrol in this module if you have not acquired the recommended learning but you will have considerable difficulty in passing (i.e. achieving the learning outcomes of) the module. While the prior learning is expressed as named DkIT module(s) it also allows for learning (in another module or modules) which is equivalent to the learning specified in the named module(s).
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No recommendations listed |
Module Indicative Content |
The evolution of drug discovery
Historical introduction, the first synthetic and chemotherapy drugs, nature as a drug source, from casual observations to systematic searches. Prodrugs.
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Structure-activity relationship (SAR)
Introduction to SAR, changing the organic structure (size and shape of the compound, new substituent), Case study (a SAR investigation), Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR).
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Terpenes and Carotenoids
Isoprene rule, identifying isoprene units and classification (class and sub-class) of terpenes (including relevant examples). Carotenoids: structure, isoprene units, irregular terpene (including relevant examples).
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Steroids
Introduction, stereochemistry of the steroids, cholesterol and heart disease, steroid hormones (including, progesterone, testosterone, oestrogen, cortisol and cortisone). Vitamin D group. Medicinally useful steroids.
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Alkaloids and azoles
Introduction, classification, pharmaceutically relevant alkaloids: their structure, specific class and use. Pharmaceutically relevant azoles: their structure, classification and use.
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DNA based chemotherapy drugs
Purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleic acids and DNA structure. Anti-cancer drugs: types of binding/interaction with DNA structure, effect of drug on DNA structure and relevant examples. Other relevant pharmaceutical drugs based on either the DNA bases or nucleic acids.
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Practical
The students will work through multi-step synthesis of a pharmaceutical antibiotic (sulpha drug) over the course of the practicals using a variety of organic and analytical chemistry skills. In the above preparations where appropriate the students will use chromatographic and/or spectroscopic methods to check purity and identity of the products. At the end of the muti-step synthesis the students will indicate whether they have successfully completed the exercise and comment using thesis type report
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Module Assessment
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Assessment Breakdown | % |
Course Work | 10.00% |
Practical | 40.00% |
Final Examination | 50.00% |
Module Special Regulation |
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AssessmentsFull Time On Campus
Reassessment Requirement |
A repeat examination
Reassessment of this module will consist of a repeat examination. It is possible that there will also be a requirement to be reassessed in a coursework element.
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DKIT reserves the right to alter the nature and timings of assessment
Module Workload
Workload: Full Time On Campus |
Workload Type |
Contact Type |
Workload Description |
Frequency |
Average Weekly Learner Workload |
Hours |
Lecture |
Contact |
No Description |
Every Week |
3.00 |
3 |
Practical |
Contact |
No Description |
Every Week |
3.00 |
3 |
Directed Reading |
Non Contact |
No Description |
Every Week |
3.00 |
3 |
Independent Study |
Non Contact |
No Description |
Every Week |
3.00 |
3 |
Total Weekly Learner Workload |
12.00 |
Total Weekly Contact Hours |
6.00 |
This module has no Part Time On Campus workload. |
Module Resources
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Recommended Book Resources |
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Bruice, P. (2011), Organic Chemistry, 6th. Pearson, [ISBN: 9780321697684].
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Wermuth, C. (2008), The practice of medicinal chemistry, 3rd. Academic Press, [ISBN: 9780123741943].
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Lednicer, D. (2010), Steroid chemistry at a glance, Electronic. Wiley, [ISBN: 9780470660850].
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Palleros, D.R. Experimental Organic Chemistry, 1st. Wiley, [ISBN: 0471282502].
| Supplementary Book Resources |
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Graham, P. (2001), Instant notes in medicinal chemistry, Oxford University Press, [ISBN: 1859962076].
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Aniszewski, T. (2007), Alkaloids- secrets of life, Electronic. Elsevier, [ISBN: 9780444527363].
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Dewick, P. (2009), Medicinal Natural Products- A biosynthetic approach, 3rd. Wiley, [ISBN: 9780470741689].
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Watson, D. (2005), Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2nd. Churchill Livingstone, [ISBN: 044074453].
| This module does not have any article/paper resources |
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Other Resources |
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Website, Dr Chiara Hanlon. Lecture notes and further resources, DkIT Moodle.
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Website, Database for IR, MS, NMR information. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds
(SDBS),
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Chemistry drawing package, Organic chemistry drawing package
(Biovia draw/Acceryls draw/Symxy draw).
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Link, Library Catalogue,
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